In Cities, This Surprising Clean Up Crew Makes an Impressive Dent

They often show up as uninvited guests at picnics, but ants deserve more than being on the receiving end of aerosol spray.
Ants are known for their big appetites, and now, these common critters are being touted as topnotch cleaning crews. In a study published in Global Change Biology, North Carolina State University researchers have found that arthropods such as beetles, mites, and especially pavement ants can take an impressive chunk out of New York City’s food litter.
As CBS News reports, the team set up testing sites with hot dogs, cookies and potato chips in 24 medians (a grassy strip in the middle or side of the road) along West Street, Broadway and 11th and 12th Avenues in west Manhattan, and at 21 sites in city parks. Each site had two samples of junk food: one was caged so only arthropods could access it; the other was cage-free to allow arthropods, as well as larger animals such as rats and pigeons, to feast.
The result? Fast Company notes that after 24 hours, the team found that the arthropods alone guzzled 32 percent of the caged food. Animals, including arthropods, ate 80 percent of the non-caged food.
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“We calculate that the arthropods on medians down the Broadway/West St. corridor alone could consume more than 2,100 pounds of discarded junk food every year, assuming they take a break in the winter,” says Elsa Youngsteadt, a research associate at North Carolina State and the study’s lead author. That’s the equivalent of 60,000 hot dogs, 200,000 cookies and 600,000 potato chips — and that’s just on Broadway.
If used effectively, ants might be able to take a bite out of the country’s cleaning bill. It costs $11.5 billion each year to clean up America’s litter, with food remnants making up 20 percent of the trash.
Not only that, Youngsteadt adds that the little scavengers can help starve out the populations of larger, disease carrying vermin. “This means that ants and rats are competing to eat human garbage, and whatever the ants eat isn’t available for the rats,” she said. “The ants aren’t just helping to clean up our cities, but to limit populations of rats and other pests.”
And for you litterbugs out there, the researcher points out that this doesn’t mean we should “feed ants on purpose.”
DON’T MISS: Do Ants Hold the Key to Reducing Pollution?

After America Was Attacked, These Veterans Were Inspired to Protect and Serve

At a Google Tech Talk yesterday, held at the company’s New York City offices, a panel of veterans recalled where they were on Sept. 11, 2001 — a date that motivated so many service members to join the Armed Forces.
In attendance was Joe Quinn, now the Northeast Director for Team Red, White & Blue, whose brother was one of the 658 employees at Cantor Fitzgerald who died when Flight 11 hit One World Trade Center. Former Green Beret Mark Nutsch told the story how he had to explain to his boys and his wife (seven months into her pregnancy) that he would soon have to deploy to get the bad guys. And Master Sergeant Eric Stebner spoke about earning the Silver Star for braving enemy fire to carry the bodies of fellow U.S. Army Rangers — including that of his best friend — in the battle of Takur Ghar in Afghanistan.
Carrie Laureno, founder of the Google Veterans Network, moderated the panel and emphasized the need to acknowledge these “achievements and contributions on behalf of all of us who have not served.”
Laureno led her team at Google Creative Lab to produce “The Call to Serve,” a temporary installation at the National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City to recognize the stories of Quinn, Nutsch and Stebner, among others. Reacting to the museum lacking any recognition of military accomplishments in the permanent exhibit, Laureno developed this tribute to the untold stories of military members who have served since 9/11.
Touch screens in the exhibit draw you into these stories using Google Tour Builder technology that integrates Google Earth imagery with personal photos and anecdotes provided by nine veterans.
While the exhibit will only be on view this week, as part of the 9/11 Museum’s “Salute to Service,” the tribute will remain online indefinitely.
Browse through the stories of the responders whose stories and service deserve recognition and thanks, then spread the word with the #ThankAVet hashtag.

When It Comes to Helping Homeless Vets, Could Thinking Small Be The Answer?

You’d think Joseph Gotesman would have his hands full with studying. After all, he’s a 22-year-old second-year medical student at Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx.
But Gotesman finds the time to lead the small organization VetConnect that seeks out homeless veterans in the Bronx and keeps in touch with them until they find stable housing.
Since January, Gotesman and a handful of volunteers have been walking the streets, looking for homeless people holding cardboard signs saying they’re vets or just asking the people if they’ve served. When they find a homeless soldier, VetConnect works to verify his or her status and begins the process of applying for benefits and finding assistance programs.
So far, VetConnect has helped five veterans attain stable housing and assisted several others find employment.
Jacow W. Sotak of the New York Times asked Chris Miller of the New York City Department of Homeless Services whether such a small-scale effort helps given the magnitude of the city’s homelessness problem. It does, says Miller. “Many of our partners started out as small, neighborhood-focused organizations. We value every effort, however small, to reach out to a homeless man or woman and connect them to services. It makes a difference.”
Gotesman tells Sotak that he believes the strength of VetConnect is its focused, local nature. “You can’t get more local than community members reaching out to their own. And as we grow, it will be community members reaching out to their own as well. You won’t see me at a VetConnect excursion in an L.A. or a Boston community excursion.”
Still, Gotesman recognizes the VetConnect model could work well elsewhere, so he’s helping people in other states organize their own teams. “Helping a veteran is not a quick, simple feat,” he tells Sotak in an email. “It takes time and relationship and trust building.”
Having a local team of dedicated volunteers who can win the trust of homeless vets and keep checking on them until their situation improves is essential. And clearly, so is having some high-achieving millennials willing to pitch in.
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How Independence Day Clothing Is Reinventing the Way Children With Autism Get Dressed

Michele Iallonardi’s son Jackson, 12, has autism, and while he can physically put on his clothes, he can’t differentiate between right and wrong sides or front and back. “You must actually hand him the clothes the right way and ‘coach’ while he puts them on,” says Iallonardi, of Hauppauge, N.Y., who is also the mother of 10-year-old twins Bennett and Luca. “This should be a skill that he can do independently,” she says, but Jackson can’t because regular clothes have zippers, buttons, seams and tags — often insurmountable obstacles to getting dressed for children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
Lauren Thierry, a mother of three boys, is very familiar with these limitations. Her oldest, 16-year-old Liam, has autism, and it was around the time he turned 7 that she envisioned an easier morning routine. “A scratchy shirt tag, a twisted sock seam, an ordinary wristwatch — that stuff can send someone with autism into tantrums, can make them tear off a shirt while on a school bus or kick off a shoe in a shopping mall,” says Thierry, who lives in New York City.
But thanks to the recent launch of Independence Day Wearable Technology, Jackson, Liam and their families are dressing more easily every day.
Thierry — a former journalist who left her job to care for Liam full-time — used her background to research clothing options for young adults with autism. She produced the documentary “Autism Every Day,” and spearheaded Autism Awareness Day at Citi Field, home of the New York Mets. In fact, it was at a Mets game when Liam, then 12 at the time, came out of the bathroom with his pants halfway down that Thierry knew something had to change, because he “still did not have the fine motor skills to zip and button his fly.” Thierry’s advocacy work revealed that many other families with children on the ASD spectrum experience the same issues.
Thierry met with New York City-based designer Dalila Anderson to see if her idea for a line of sensory-sensitive, stylish clothing was feasible. “She wanted to know if we could come up with an idea to make clothing reversible, seamless, etc.,” says Anderson. “I said yes, and just started sketching.”
Anderson, who studied at the Parsons School of Design, serves as Independence Day Clothing’s creative/production director, designer and design consultant, while Thierry is the company’s president. The clothing is made in New York City, using natural fabrics and fibers whenever possible. “That’s a big deal, not only to the autism community, but for me as a designer,” says Anderson.
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The line features rugby shirts, cargo pants, dresses, tunics, leggings and hoodies that are seamless, tagless, buttonless, zipperless and either two- or four-way reversible. Careful craftsmanship and details address the shape and weight challenges facing tweens and teens (the average wearer is 10 to 16 years old) with ASD who are going through puberty. Necklines and waistlines are equally meted so clothing can be turned inside out or backward and forward with ease. “Children want to be able to hang out with friends, and feel like they are just one of the other kids, not have their clothing unzipped, unbuttoned, or backwards, in a way that other people take for granted,” Anderson says.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention currently estimates that about 1 in 68 children in the United States has been diagnosed with ASD, and according to the National Autism Association, roughly half, or 48 percent, of those children will attempt to wander from a safe environment — a rate nearly four times higher than their unaffected siblings. So perhaps ID Clothing’s most compelling innovation is the soft, sensory-sensitive, hidden compartments that house a small GPS device. ID Clothing truly is wearable tech — 11 different devices were beta tested to get the details right. The GPS device “had to be placed in a way where it wouldn’t bother the wearer and it wouldn’t be something someone else could see,” says Anderson. Customers receive a free GPS device with purchase, and through a partnership with Phoenix 5 Global Tracking can set up a plan to utilize the EMPOWER GPS+Hybrid Technology system.
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Though ID Clothing is the first to offer GPS-enabled apparel, they join several other brands making strides in the world of sensory-sensitive goods, including Soft Clothing, SmartKnitKids, Kozie Clothes and No Netz.
However, the wearable technology isn’t without its critics, who are concerned about privacy issues. Appearing before the New York City Council in April 2014, Thierry said, “If you were the parent of a child who bolts, you would not be worrying about big brother. These are the things moms like me go through every single day — keeping predators away, keeping him from wandering — we live with this elevated stress level every day.” The testimony was part of an effort by the council to implement a medical registry and access to GPS technology for people with developmental disorders, in the wake of the tragic loss of 14-year-old Avonte Oquendo, who wandered from his school in Queens in October 2013 and was found dead several months later.
Lisa Keane Herrera, an applied behavior analysis therapist and special education teacher in New York City, has worked with clients, including Thierry’s son, on the ASD spectrum since 2001 and was present at a focus group for ID Clothing. “You could see that the kids [with autism] were happier overall,” she says. “It’s good for their self-confidence. A task that may have taken thirty minutes may now take five. I know parents that spend hours ripping out tags and seams. This is cutting edge for someone who can’t advocate for themselves,” she says.
For Iallonardi, a special education teacher, ID Clothing is a lifesaver. “My son can go in his drawer, take out a shirt, put it on, and it’s right no matter what,” she says. “He spends his whole life with other people trying to figure out what he wants. The more that he can do for himself, the better his quality of life.”
Anderson and Thierry are enthusiastic about the future of ID Clothing. What’s up next? Producing underwear, T-shirts, sweats and socks, while skirts and cargo shorts are also in the works. Sizes will soon expand to include extra-small and extra-large (only small to large are currently available). Thierry’s ultimate goal: to show at New York Fashion Week. “I see high-end supermodels walking hand-in-hand with the real superstars — those living with autism and other special needs, who are true heroes for getting out of bed every morning and getting dressed all by themselves before they leave for school,” says Thierry. “A splashy debut of a clothing line for this population is every bit as noteworthy as a splashy launch of one by some reality show celebrity. [Kids with autism] are the superstars who deserve to be celebrated.”
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Santa Fe is Changing the Rules in the War on Drugs

According to Santa Fe police captain, Jermone Sanchez, cops are “chasing the same people over and over again,” since there’s a repeat cast of opiate addicts committing 100 percent of the city’s burglaries and other property crimes.
So what is the southwest city doing to reduce the number of repeat offenders?
Back in July 2013, the city voted to launch the Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (or LEAD).The pilot initiative involves the Santa Fe police department, the district attorney’s office and public defenders, City Hall, various nonprofits and the Drug Policy Alliance of New Mexico.
Under this progressive program, which is already at work in Seattle, Wash., instead of becoming prisoners, people arrested for low-level drug offenses are given the option of becoming a “client” before they’re booked.
These clients are then assigned a case manager that offers an individualized regimen of not only “drug treatment, but also housing, transportation, and even employment support programs,” according to the Nation. Since initiating the program this April, Santa Fe has enrolled 10 offenders in LEAD.
Interestingly, participants don’t get in trouble for relapsing, and while they can be thrown out of the program, that will only occur if they commit a serious crime, reports the Nation.
Emily Kaltenback, state director of the Drug Policy Alliance, first proposed getting addicts into comprehensive treatment instead of constantly cramming up the courts and jail; she’s since won over the collaborative support of the “Santa Fe Police Department, City Hall, nonprofit service providers, the District Attorney’s office, and public defenders.”
Sanchez and Kaltenbach both believe that this program and ones like it are the best chance at overcoming the societal hardships drugs create. It also doesn’t hurt that the Santa Fe Community Foundation also thinks that LEAD could eliminate half of the $1.5 million it currently spends on the drug war.
Already, the City Council pledged to spend $300,000 on the program over the next three years, and new training for police officers begins this month.
The buzz of LEAD has made it to the east coast, too, with New York City Mayor Bill DeBlasio recently announcing the start of the Public Health Diversion Center to route low-level offenders into treatment, health and welfare services instead of jail.
Safer streets on a lower budget? Count us in.

Why Is It Important for Parents to Loosen the Reins?

Have you ever sat on a bus and looked out the window only to realize that nothing looks familiar? The bus keeps moving, yet you have no idea where you’re at or where you’re going.
Now imagine this happening to your sixth grader. Would she freak out or calmly ask someone for help?
This scenario is all part of the Free-Range Kids Project, an initiative to help kids gain independence and confidence and just be kids again.
Lenore Skenazy is the mastermind behind the program who started it after noticing how little freedom kids have to explore their surroundings (even their own neighborhood) without parental supervision. After all, only 13 percent of children in the U.S. walk to school while another six percent of nine- to 13-year-olds play outside per week. These numbers are a stark contrast to the previous generation where many children enjoyed more freedom, especially considering that today’s crime rate is the lowest it’s been in 40 years.
So Skenazy wrote a book and blog and started a project called “Free Range Kid” to inspire parents to let their kids do things they wouldn’t normally do — think: walk to school, ride the subway alone or bike to the library.
A New York City public school sixth grade class was the first group to test out the theory with great success.  After that, Oak Knoll (a grammar school in Silicon Valley) wanted to give it a try. About a third of the 700 students’ parents agreed to the project. The results? Positive.
Interesting, however, is that it wasn’t just the kids who benefited from the experience. Parents were equally changed and loved what they saw in their kids. One mother named Gina let her son run grocery store errands by himself and was impressed by his expediency, efficiency and responsibility.
“This has really changed our lives!” she writes in her report to the school. “Almost all that we do now is an opportunity to be Free-Range. We did many ‘Projects.’ He baked brownies alone, he comes home now on his bike after school, and he is responsible for his swim bag.”
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Meet the Eighth Grader Who Designs Subway Systems

What do most of us think of when traveling through a city? Maybe it’s congestion, pollution and headaches. And while some urban planners are looking for ways to improve life on the streets, perhaps it’s time to take a look at what’s happening underground.
That’s exactly what one designer started doing. The interesting part? He isn’t even in high school, yet he’s already designing transit systems for cities that don’t have underground public transportation.
What started as a simple hobby for eighth grader Ivan Specht has now turned into a brand (Metro-ology) with a website, posters and t-shirt designs.
His first subway design was for Austin, Texas and was given as a Father’s Day present to his dad. From there, inspiration took off and Specht produced 10 more, including plans for San Antonio and New Orleans.
So, how did an eighth grader became an infrastructure prodigy? According to Specht, it’s just always been a passion.
“Ever since I was about five, I have been fascinated by mass transit systems — especially that of New York City, which is where I now live,” Specht tells Fast Co. Exist. “[My Dad] really liked the gift. So much so he suggested I turn it into a summer project and business, which is exactly what I have done.”
To create each design, Specht uses Google Maps Maker. No detail is left unnoticed, and his designs are as intricate as that of the New York City subway system. In addition, much of his inspiration comes from Harry Beck’s London Underground map.
“Usually, I try to concentrate the lines in the city centers. I then re-draw the map in Photoshop, using 45-degree angles, which I think make the maps look much cleaner and more graphically pleasing. Lastly, I add a legend, as well as reference points like highways and rivers,” Specht explains to Fast Co. Exist.
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Taking a look at the designs, it’s clear that Sprecht’s transit plans have the potential to be turned into reality. Which city will be the first to call him?
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The Giant Seawall That Will Protect New York City

Every New Yorker remembers the harrowing pictures of cars floating at the entrance of the Carey Tunnel, the submerged subway stations and the decimation of Breezy Point. To protect New York City from the next big weather event, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) held a Rebuild by Design contest to find the best ideas to protect the vulnerable New York/New Jersey floodplain.
One of the winners (which will receive a federal grant of $335 million)? A concept called “The Big U.”
The Big U is almost exactly what it sounds like: a giant protective infrastructure project that would wrap “around Manhattan from West 54th street south to the Battery and up to East 40th street,” according to the Rebuild by Design website.
The Bjarke Ingels Group, an international design architectural firm that designed the Big U, is thinking big — envisioning more than just a seawall, but an entire system that doubles as a series of park and community areas, each tailored to a coinciding neighborhood.
According to the Verge, the Big U will also includes “a raised stretch of land known as the Bridging Berm acts as a natural dam, but also provides recreational green space for residents in the neighborhood” on the Lower East Side. A seasonal market placed under a raised section of the FDR could be shuttered from rising waters by panels that flip down to create a flood wall.
The White House has already designated another billion dollars for similar disaster relief ideas. In June, President Obama announced the National Disaster Resilience Competition, which invites “communities that have experienced natural disasters to compete for funds to help them rebuild and increase their resilience to future disasters.”

When These Maine Businesses Went Up for Sale, Their Employees Said ‘We’ll Buy’

In Deer Isle, Maine, more than 60 residents just became business owners, thanks to the formation of the Island Employee Cooperative.
More than a year ago, the employees of Burnt Cove Market, V & S Variety and The Galley learned that the couple who had owned the businesses for 43 years was retiring and selling them. Fearful that the change in ownership would result in loss of jobs and other negative changes, the employees took the only sensible option — they bought the businesses.
This is the largest merger of businesses in the history of cooperatives — collectively, it’s now called the Island Employee Cooperative — and it’s the largest co-op in Maine and the second largest in New England.
The process to establish this groundbreaking co-op wasn’t easy and took more than a year due to all of the legal work and the size of the businesses. Fortunately, the worker/owners had some help from Independent Retailers Shared Services Cooperative and the Cooperative Development Institute , which assisted with the organization of management, governance, legal and financial systems.
In addition, Coastal Enterprises and the Cooperative Fund of New England pitched in financially to help get the cooperative off the ground.
The Island Employee Cooperative’s feat was not an easy one, but it’s an important one. Not only did it preserve the jobs of its employee and the businesses vital to the residents of the town, it also serves as an example for other workers and cities. That’s because the events leading to its formation and its business model are easily adoptable and adaptable to other businesses across the country.
While the Island Employee Cooperative has shown that it’s possible, the road to the formation of cooperatives would be far easier if cities would invest in their development. Some cities are beginning to do so, such as New York, which just pledged $1 million to facilitate the start of worker cooperatives. Ohio has also been dappling in co-ops by giving small grants for research and technical assistance.
However, until more cities start participating, it’s up to the employees. Clearly, we should never underestimate the little guy.
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